Learn English in sinhala - lesson 06

hd¨‍jfka wms wo ;j;a jeo.;a mdvula bf.k .uq' ;j ojia follska ú;r Thd,g Tenses lshd fokakï' wo Thd,g lshd fokafka Prepositions'

fmdä jf.a fmkqkg wjYHu mdvula' u;lo A/L ,O/L Exams  2 gu jf.a fï fldgiska m%Yakhla wksjd¾fhka tkjuhs'

wms fldhs ;rï f,aishs lsh,d ys;=j;a m%Yafkl wyoa§ wmsg megf,kjd fï Prepositions' kuq;a wo fï Lesson tflka miafia Thd,g álla yß Prepositions f,ihs lsh, ys;=fkd;a wmsg comment tlla odkak'

hd¨‍jfka Pre lshkafka fudllao@ t;ku wmsg f;areï .kak mq¿jka Prepositions fldhs jf.a ;ek j,o lrkafka lsh,d' maf¾ lshkafka biafi,a,d lshk tl' Prepositions lshkafka fndfyda fj,djg nouns j,g l,ska fhdod.kakd flá jpkhs' ^ that usually stand in front of nouns )

• WodyrK lsysmhla kï - IN , ON , AT ,  SINCE , FOR , AGO , TO , TILL , UNTILL  , BY jf.a jpk.

PREPOSITIONS j¾. áll=;a ;sfhkjd" wms wog Basic ál ú;rla bf.k .uq '

Prepositions – Time

PREPOSITION	Ndú;h	WodyrK
on	days of the week	on Monday
in	months / seasons time of day year after a certain period of time (when?)	in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour
at	for night for weekend a certain point of time (when?)	at night at the weekend at half past nine
since	from a certain point of time (past till now)	since 1980
for	over a certain period of time (past till now)	for 2 years
ago	a certain time in the past	2 years ago
before	earlier than a certain point of time	before 2004
to	telling the time	ten to six (5:50)
past	telling the time	ten past six (6:10)
to / till / until	marking the beginning and end of a period of time	from Monday to/till Friday
till / until	in the sense of how long something is going to last	He is on holiday until Friday.
by	in the sense of at the latest up to a certain time	I will be back by 6 o’clock. By 11 o'clock, I had read five pages.

Prepositions – Place ( Position and Direction )

 

PREPOSITION	Ndú;h	WodyrK
in	·          room, building, street, town, country book, paper etc. car, taxi picture, world	in the kitchen, in London in the book in the car, in a taxi in the picture, in the world
at	meaning next to, by an object for table for events place where you are to do something typical (watch a film, study, work)	at the door, at the station at the table at a concert, at the party at the cinema, at school, at work
on	attached for a place with a river being on a surface for a certain side (left, right) for a floor in a house for public transport for television, radio	the picture on the wall London lies on the Thames. on the table on the left on the first floor on the bus, on a plane on TV, on the radio
by, next to, beside	left or right of somebody or something	Jane is standing by / next to / beside the car.
under	on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else	the bag is under the table
below	lower than something else but above ground	the fish are below the surface
over	covered by something else meaning more than getting to the other side (also across) overcoming an obstacle	put a jacket over your shirt over 16 years of age walk over the bridge climb over the wall
above	higher than something else, but not directly over it	a path above the lake
across	getting to the other side (also over) getting to the other side	walk across the bridge swim across the lake
through	something with limits on top, bottom and the sides	drive through the tunnel
to	movement to person or building movement to a place or country for bed	go to the cinema go to London / Ireland go to bed
into	enter a room / a building	go into the kitchen / the house
towards	movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it)	go 5 steps towards the house
onto	movement to the top of something	jump onto the table
from	in the sense of where from	a flower from the garden

Other important Prepositions

PREPOSITION	Ndú;h	WodyrK
from	who gave it	a present from Jane
of	who/what does it belong to what does it show	a page of the book the picture of a palace
by	who made it	a book by Mark Twain
on	walking or riding on horseback entering a public transport vehicle	on foot, on horseback get on the bus
in	entering a car  / Taxi	get in the car
off	leaving a public transport vehicle	get off the train
out of	leaving a car  / Taxi	get out of the taxi
by	rise or fall of something travelling (other than walking or horse riding)	prices have risen by 10 percent by car, by bus
at	for age	she learned Russian at 45
about	for topics, meaning what about	we were talking about you

f.dvla fj,djg f.dvdlau use fjk Prepositions  3 la ;shkjd" tajdkï IN , AT , ON ;j álla úia;r lrkjdkï,

IN

01). Used for unspecific times during a day, month, season, year / wúksYaÑ; Èkhla fmkaùug fhdod .kak mq¿jka'

• She always reads newspapers in the morning.
• In the summer, we have a rainy season for three weeks.
• The new semester will start in March.

02). Used to indicate a location or place / ;ekla fmkaùug fhdod .kak mq¿jka'

• I am currently staying in a hotel.
• My hometown is Los Angeles, which is in California. 

03). Used to indicate a shape, color, or size / yevhla" meyehla fyda ñkqula fmkaùug fhdod .kak mq¿jka'

• This painting is mostly in blue.
• The students stood in a circle.
• This jacket comes in four different sizes

04). Used to express while doing something / fohla lrk .uka lrk ;j;a fohla lSug fhdod .kak mq¿jka'

• In preparing for the final report, we revised the tone three times.
• A catch phrase needs to be impressive in marketing a product.

05). Used to indicate a belief, opinion, interest, or feeling / leue;a;la úYajdihla .ek u;hla m%ldY lsÍfï§ fhdod .kak mq¿jka'

• I believe in the next life.
• We are not interested in gambling.

AT

01). Used to point out specific time / ksYaÑ; fj,djla m%ldY lsÍug'

• I will meet you at 12 p.m.
• The bus will stop here at 5:45 p.m.

02). Used to indicate a place / ;ekla m%ldY lsÍfï§'

• There is a party at the club house.
• There were hundreds of people at the park.
• We saw a baseball game at the stadium.

03). Used to indicate an email address / email address tlla m%ldY lsÍfï§'

• Please email me at abc@defg.com

 04). Used to indicate an activity / l%shdjla úia;r lsÍug'

• He laughed at my acting.
• I am good at drawing a portrait.

ON

01). Used to express a surface of something / u;=msg mDIaghla u; we;s fohla úia;r lrkak fhdod .kak mq¿jka'

• I put an egg on the kitchen table.
• The paper is on my desk.

02). Used to specify days and dates / ksYaÑ; Èkhla fj,djla ioyka lsÍug fhdod .kak mq¿jka'

• The garbage truck comes on Wednesdays.
• I was born on the 14th day of June in 1988.

03). Used to indicate a part of the body / YÍrfha fldgia yeÈkaùug fukau "iu u;=msg hula oelaùug'

• The stick hit me on my shoulder.
• He kissed me on my cheek.
• I wear a ring on my finger.

04). Used to indicate the state of something / fohl ;;ajhla fmkaùug

• Everything in this store is on sale.
• The building is on fire.

Tkak wo f.dvdla lreKq Thd,g lsh,d ÿkakd' Thd,g m%Yakhla ;sfhkï my;ska odkak'